Background: Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, which is the nerve that connects the eye to the brain. The present study compared canaloplasty and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C in patients of glaucoma. Materials & Methods: 80 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) of both genders were divided into 2 groups of 40 each. Group I patients underwent canaloplasty and 34 underwent trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC). Parameters such as change in IOP, visual acuity (VA), glaucoma medications and complication rates at 24 months were recorded. Results: Group I had 20 males and 20 females and group II had 26 males and 14 females. Pseudophakic IOP (mm Hg) pre- operatively IOP was 19.4 and 24.5, at 1 year was 13.2 and 13.6 and at 2 years was 14.2 and 12.4 in group I and II respectively. Log MAR acuity pre- operatively was 0.34 and 0.21, at 1 year was 0.22 and 0.19 and at 2 years was 0.19 and 0.32 in group I and II respectively. Number of medications was 3, 1 and 2 in group I and 3, 1 and 0 pre- operatively, at 1 year and 2 years respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Both canaloplasty and trabeculectomy found to be equally effective in reduction in intraocular pressure in patients with open glaucoma.