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Volume 13 Issue 10 (October) 2024

Original Articles

Correlation Of Tear Film Function Tests And Conjunctival Impression Cytology To Evaluate Dry Eyes In Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Cases
Chetna Gulati, Rubie Malhotra, Khalida Sayeed, Syed Fiza Mustaqueem

Background: Dry eye disease is a disorder of the tears and ocular surface that results in grittiness, burning and itching sensation in the eye. According to previous studies dry eye disease symptoms increase with long-term topical anti-glaucoma medicine treatment. The objective of this study was to find out the correlation of routine tear film function tests and conjunctival impression cytology for evaluation and easy diagnosis of dry eyes in primary open angle glaucoma cases on topical anti glaucoma medications ≥6months duration. Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 18 months fromSeptember 2022 to March 2024 among primary open angle glaucoma patients under topical anti-glaucoma drugs foratleast 6 months duration. Data was collected using a standard ocular surface disease index questionnaire. The dry eye disease was clinically diagnosed by routine tear film function tests like Schirmer, TBUT and correlated with conjunctival impression cytology.Results: Among 190 diagnosed primary open glaucoma patients, total of 83 (43.7%) patients had dry eyes, 37 (19.5%) had mild dry eye, 48 (25.3%) had moderate dry eye and 22 (11.6%) had severe dry eye. As per TBUT findings, 125 (65.8%) had normal eyes while 65 (34.2%) had dry eye. OSDI revealed normal eyes in 33 (17.4%), mild, moderate and severe dry eye in 73 (38.4%), 49 (25.8%) and 35 (18.4%) patients respectively. Fluorescein stain test scores were 1, 2, 3, and 4+ in 53 (27.9%), 66 (34.7%), 59 (31.1%) and 12 (6.3%) patients respectively. Patients on combination of (Beta blocker+alpha agonist) and PG analogue showed a significant incremental trend (p<0.001) with CIC as compared to patients on single drug therapy. Conclusion: Higher CIC scores showed a significant association with female sex, bilateral involvement, longerduration of glaucoma/topical medication use and with use of combined drug therapy.All the ocular surface evaluation tests also showed a strong significant mutual association.

 
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