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Volume 13 Issue 10 (October) 2024

Original Articles

Evaluating Stroke Awareness Among People with Diabetes in Kerala: A Cross-Sectional Study
Dr. Jayakrishnan B, Dr. Ajith Kumar Sivasankaran

Background: Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death and the fifth leading cause of disability in India. Diabetes is often associated with cardiometabolic risk factors which increases the risk of stroke. Aim: To measure the level of awareness about warning signs, risk factors, and preventive behavior that reduces the risk of stroke among people with diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two cities in Kerala between December 2022 and May 2023. A total of 204 adults aged 18-65 years, with diabetes were enrolled. The information was collected through a questionnaire after getting their consent. For awareness and knowledge items, each correct answer was scored one point and the total summation of the discrete scores of the different items was calculated. A diabetic patient with a score less than 60% of the total score was considered to have poor awareness while a score of 60% or more of the total score was considered a good level of awareness. Results: A total of 92 (45.1%) participants had an overall good awareness level, while 112 (54.9%) had poor awareness levels. Around 76 (37.2%) of participants had heard about stroke, 120 (58.8%) knew that stroke affects the brain. As for risk factors associated with stroke, 150 (73.5%) reported high blood pressure, followed by diabetes mellitus 130 (63.72%). About 106 (51.9%) of participants were aware of the mechanism of ischemic stroke and 84(41.1%) responded to hemorrhagic stroke. Around 150 (73.5%) opined that they could reduce their risk of stroke. People aged 50-65 years, with higher levels of education, and those with a family history of stroke, had significantly higher levels of awareness. On stroke presentation 136 (66.7%) weakness or disability to move one half of the body, followed by 118 (57.8%) on opined speech disorders. Conclusion: This study showed more than half of people with diabetes had poor awareness regarding stroke, its risk factors, and warning signs. More Stroke awareness campaigns by healthcare professionals are recommended to prevent and decrease the overall burden of the disease.

 
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