Background: Gastric residual volume is vital for assessing gastric emptying and gastrointestinal function. Traditional methods of measuring gastric residual volume (GRV), like aspiration through a nasogastric (NG) tube, are invasive and uncomfortable. Ultrasonography (USG) emerged as a non-invasive, reliable alternative. Hence, the present study evaluates gastric volume among diabetic and nondiabetic patients to minimize intraoperative and postoperative complications like pulmonary aspiration. This study considered factors such as diabetes duration, blood sugar levels, HbA1c and fasting duration in evaluating gastric residual volume. Methodology: The present study was conducted on 104 patients undergoing elective surgeries divided into two groups, 52 in each group, after taking written informed consent and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Group D was diabetic patients, and Group ND was nondiabetic patients. Patients were explained about the procedure, and ultrasonography was done lying down, followed by right lateral decubitus. Ultrasonography images of both were measured with the following diameters such as anteroposterior(AP), craniocaudal(CC), gastric volume and cross-sectional area(CSA) is measured using CC and AP diameters. Results: It was found that the mean age of study groups was 40.62±9.16yrs with 75(72.11%) were male patients and 29(27.88%) were female patients. Diabetic patients had significantly better mean CC, AP, and CSA than nondiabetic patients both in the right lateral position and supine position. (p<0.05) Patients with a history of diabetes had a much larger gastric volume (39.07±8.39 mL) than patients who were nondiabetic (9.28±4.11 mL). (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Diabetic patients have significantly higher fasting gastric volumes, as measured by using ultrasonography, than nondiabetic patients preoperatively.