Introduction: Bone density is a critical determinant of skeletal health, particularly in women undergoing menopausal transitions. Premenopausal and postmenopausal women exhibit significant variations in bone mineral density (BMD) due to hormonal changes, lifestyle factors, and aging. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between bone density and lifestyle characteristics in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 women aged 30-65 years, divided into two groups: premenopausal (n=100) and postmenopausal (n=100). BMD was assessed using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scans at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Participants completed a lifestyle questionnaire covering diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and calcium and vitamin D intake. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with a significance level set at p<0.05.Results: The mean BMD at the lumbar spine was 1.25 ± 0.05 g/cm² in premenopausal women and 1.10 ± 0.07 g/cm² in postmenopausal women (p<0.01). At the femoral neck, the mean BMD was 1.10 ± 0.04 g/cm² in premenopausal women and 0.95 ± 0.06 g/cm² in postmenopausal women (p<0.01). Lifestyle factors such as regular physical activity and adequate calcium and vitamin D intake were positively correlated with higher BMD in both groups. Postmenopausal women who engaged in low physical activity and had poor dietary habits showed significantly lower BMD values.Conclusion: The study highlights the significant reduction in bone density post-menopause and underscores the importance of lifestyle factors in maintaining bone health. Regular physical activity and adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D are essential in mitigating bone loss in postmenopausal women. Early interventions focusing on lifestyle modifications could be crucial in preventing osteoporosis in this population.