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Volume 13 Issue 8 (August) 2024

Original Articles

Association between androgenetic alopecia and metabolic syndrome – A case control study
Dr. Nitish Goyal, Dr. Asif Ali Khan, Dr. Rajendra Devanda, Dr. Navneet Kaur Randhawa, Dr. Khushboo Gupta, Dr. U.S Agarwal

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent condition characterized by gradual hair loss, predominantly affecting males. Epidemiological studies suggest a high prevalence in Caucasian populations, with significant psychosocial impacts. AGA has been associated with various medical disorders, including metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is a cluster of conditions comprising elevated blood pressure, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, central obesity, and dyslipidemia.This study aims to investigate the association between AGA and MetS at a tertiary care center in North India. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study from July 2022 to September 2023, including 85 males with clinically diagnosed AGA (Group I) and 85 age-matched controls without AGA (Group II). Patients were selected based on the Modified Norwood-Hamilton scale. We collected data on demographic details, lifestyle factors, medical history, measured body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin levels and lipid profiles. MetS was diagnosed based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Results: The AGA group had a significantly higher mean BMI (23.99±2.56 kg/m²) compared to controls (23.10±2.12 kg/m²). Statistically significant differences were observed in waist circumference (86.88±9.55 cm vs. 82.65±7.33 cm), fasting blood sugar (89.23±11.11 mg/dl vs. 84.45±12.26 mg/dl), total cholesterol (191.95±42.71 mg/dl vs. 176.76±34.11 mg/dl), and LDL cholesterol (120.71±32.48 mg/dl vs. 95.06±32.99 mg/dl). Elevated fasting insulin levels and a higher prevalence of MetS (23.52% vs. 7.05%) were also noted in the AGA group. Conclusions: Our study indicates a significant association between AGA and MetS. Higher BMI, increased waist circumference, elevated blood glucose, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in AGA patients suggest a potential interrelationship between these conditions. The findings underscore the importance of screening AGA patients for MetS and suggest a need for further research to explore shared pathophysiological mechanisms.

 
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