Background: Childhood obesity is a growing concern worldwide, with long-term health implications. This study aims to identify and analyze the behaviors associated with weight gain among preschool children in a rural setting. Understanding these behaviors can inform strategies to prevent obesity and promote healthier lifestyles. Materials and Methods: A prospective Study was conducted at rural field practice area of Saraswati Medical College,Unnao, from August 1, 2023, to November 30, 2023. A total of 180 preschool children aged 3-5 years were enrolled. Data were collected through parental questionnaires and direct observations to assess dietary habits, physical activity levels, screen time, and sleep patterns. Anthropometric measurements, including weight and height, were recorded at baseline and at the end of the study period. Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant associations between behaviors and weight gain. Results: The study found that 30% of the children experienced significant weight gain over the study period. Key behaviors associated with weight gain included high consumption of sugary snacks and beverages (mean intake: 5 times per week), low physical activity levels (mean daily activity: 30 minutes), increased screen time (mean daily screen time: 3 hours), and insufficient sleep duration (mean nightly sleep: 8 hours). Children who engaged in regular physical activity and had limited screen time showed significantly lower weight gain (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights critical behaviors linked to weight gain among preschool children in rural settings. Interventions focusing on reducing sugary snack consumption, increasing physical activity, limiting screen time, and ensuring adequate sleep may help mitigate the risk of obesity in this population. Early childhood is a crucial period for establishing healthy habits, and targeted strategies can play a vital role in promoting long-term health and well-being.