Original Articles
Gastrointestinal Manifestations in HIV Positive Patients - A Clinical Study | |
Dr. Devendra Singh Doneriya, Dr. Sandeep Kumar Kanaujiya, Dr. Saddam Singh, Dr. Avadhesh Diwakar | |
Aim: Gastrointestinal Manifestations in HIV Positive Patients - A Clinical Study. Materials and Methods: This clinical study was meticulously designed to evaluate the gastrointestinal manifestations in HIV-positive patients. Furthermore, the study sought to explore potential correlations between these manifestations and key clinical parameters, including CD4 counts, antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, and other relevant factors.A total of 100 HIV-positive patients were enrolled in the study. These patients were recruited from the HIV/AIDS clinic and affiliated hospitals. To be included, patients had to meet specific criteria: they must have had a confirmed HIV-positive status based on serological testing, be 18 years or older, and be willing to provide informed consent. The study excluded patients with pre-existing gastrointestinal conditions unrelated to HIV, pregnant or lactating women, and those unwilling to participate. Results: The mean CD4 count was 350 cells/µL, with a standard deviation of 150, reflecting a range of immune function among the participants. The viral load averaged 50,000 copies/mL, indicating varying levels of viral replication. ART status showed that a majority of the participants (80%) were on antiretroviral therapy, which is critical for managing HIV and reducing viral load. However, 20% were not on ART, potentially increasing their risk of opportunistic infections and other complications. Gastrointestinal symptoms were prevalent among the study population, with the most common symptoms being weight loss (55%), diarrhea (50%), and abdominal pain (45%). Nausea was reported by 40% of participants, while 30% experienced vomiting. Constipation and dysphagia were less common but still significant, affecting 20% and 25% of participants, respectively. Infectious causes, such as infections by pathogens like Cryptosporidium or Giardia, were identified in 30% of the participants. Non-infectious causes, including HIV-associated enteropathy and medication-induced side effects, were the most common, affecting 40% of participants. Functional disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia, were also prevalent, affecting 30% of the study population. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study provide a comprehensive overview of the demographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-positive patients, the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms, and the outcomes of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The findings emphasize the high burden of gastrointestinal manifestations in this population and the importance of tailored management strategies to improve patient outcomes. |
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