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Volume 12 Issue 3 ( July-September ) 2023

Original Articles

Assessment of Reliability of Parkland Grading Scale in Accurately Predicting the Outcomes of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Radha Govind Khandelwal, Aavishkar Anand, Neeraj Damor, Ravi Khandal

Background: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) has become the procedure of choice for management of symptomatic gall stones disease. A large number of pre-operative cholecystitis grading scales have been developed in the past that aim to predict both intra-operative and post-operative outcomes; however, few of these scales account for intra-operative anatomical differences. In addition, other than prediction of difficult cases, few of these scales attempt to be utilized as a measure of post-operative complication comparison. The Parkland Grading Scale for Cholecystitis (PGS) was previously developed to stratify the severity of GB disease in response to these problems. This study aims to prospectively validate this grading scale as a measure of LC outcomes. Materials &Methods: For the study purpose 100 cases for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were taken. The initial grade was solely based on the objective criteria of the scale and was assigned immediately after the ‘initial view’ was visualized. Three surgeon raters who are independent of original study retrospectively review the stored images of the initial view from the study period, after randomly assigning equal number of cases to each one of them. Each of the independent rater rated the images utilizing parkland grading scale. Results: The Mean age of patients in our study was 46.45 ±16.43 years. Association of complications across the PGS grades was not statistically significant with a p-value 0.9. In our study in PGS Grade 1 GB was given a score of 1 in 59(88.05%) cases and a score of 2 in 8 (11.94%) cases. PGS Grade 2 GB was given a score of1 in 8 (47.05%) cases, a score of 2 in 8(47.05%) cases, a score of3 in 1(5.9%) case. PGS Grade 3 GB was given a score of 2 in 3(37.5%) cases, a score of 3 in 5 (62.5%) cases. PGS Grade 4 GB was given a score of 3 in 3(75%) cases, a score of 4 in 1(25%) case. All 4 (100%) cases PGS Grade 5 GB was given a score of 5 on difficulty of surgery. The mean difficulty of surgery score in PGS grade 1 was 1.19±0.32, in PGS grade 2 was 1.73±0.73, in PGS grade 3 was 3.22±0.66, in PGS grade 4 was 4.5±0.70, in grade 5 was 5±0.0. Conclusion: PGS is a highly reliable grading scale of cholecystitis in assessing the difficulty of surgery and expectant operative and post-operative complications. This makes the PGS an easy grading scale for gall bladder diseases which can help predict the outcomes of LC, case allocation to surgeons depending on difficulty and need for conversion.

 
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