Background: Initially splenectomy was done by open technique, indications being mainly haematological disorders. With the development in the techniques of laparoscopy, it was also used for haematological disorders mainly chronic ITP. With growing experience and advancement in technology the laparoscopic approach extended to cysts, tumours, storage diseases and even trauma. Materials and methods: The study was a randomized comparative study conducted in the department of general surgery of Sawai Man Singh Hospital, Jaipur from june 2011 to june 2012. Total 25 patients were included in study and randomized prospectively into two groups, group A & group B with 12 cases in group A and 13 cases in group B respectively. The patients in group A underwent laparoscopic splenectomy while group B underwent open splenectomy. Observations and results: The Mean age in Group A was 35.41 years while in Group B was 29.53 years. Splenic span of 11-20 cm was found in 33% patients in group A and 46% of patients in Group B. Minimum preoperative platelet count in group A was 7000/µl in a case of I.T.P. and that in group B was 30000/µl. Accessory spleen was detected in 1 of the patient (8%) in Laparoscopic group whereas none of the patient was found to be having accessory spleen in open group. In group-A hilar control was achieved by Endostapler in 83% patients while in 17% patients hilar control was done by Endosuturing using silk sutures. The operative time in Group A was in the range of 90-360 minutes with Mean operating time of 185 minutes ±96 minutes while in Group B operating time was in the range of 75-120 minutes with Mean operating time of 102 minutes ±20 minutes. Mean intra operative blood loss in Group A was 60 ml ±38 ml and found to be less than Group B that is 165 ml±78 ml. Mean drain output was 134ml± 145ml in Group A with range of 50-550ml while in Group B Mean drain output was 342ml±103ml with range of 200-500ml. The difference was statistically significant (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic splenectomy is safe and efficacious for mild to moderate size spleens. The operative time for laparoscopic splenectomy is longer than open splenectomy but after achieving learning curve it can be shortened significantly.