Background: This study was conducted for the Evaluation of the Safety Profile of Dexmedetomidine and Nitrous Oxide for Paediatric Dental Sedation. Material and methods:This study comprised 50 children aged four to eight years who visited the outpatient department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. The study included healthy children with dental problems, as well as those who were frightened and apprehensive, regardless of gender or socioeconomic position. Children were distributed evenly between the two groups at random. Group one comprised of subjects receiving Dexmedetomidine while the 2nd group comprised of subjects receiving nitrous oxide. Results: In this study there were 25 subjects in both the groups each. There were 25 males and 25 females. The statistical analysis between groups 1 and 2 was performed using SPSS v1.2, with the Chi-square test and Student t test. The heart rate had a significantly significant p-value (<0.001). The second group's heart rate was substantially higher throughout the process than the first group. The p-values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure were both <0.001, indicating a significant difference between the groups. The second group had higher blood pressure than the other group. The differences in oxygen saturation between the two groups were inconsequential, with a p-value of >0.05. Throughout the operation, both groups maintained saturation levels of at least 95%. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine had a better efficacy over nitrous oxide.