Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary fibrosis are a group of lung diseases which consist of a combination of inflammation and fibrosis of the lung parenchyma. However, biopsies may be helpful in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis and organizing pneumonia. Hence; the present study was conducted for assessing the diagnostic value of the bronchoalveolar lavage in interstitial lung diseases. Materials & methods: A total of 50 patients with Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) suspected of ILD were enrolled. Complete demographic and clinical details of all the patients were obtained. Confrontations of clinical, biochemical, and cyto-histological characteristics have provided the basis for the diagnosis of ILD. For total and differential cell counts, collected BAL fluids were cytocentrifuged and stained with Wright-Giemsa, Perls, and PAS stains. BAL cytological analysis has been performed manually by a pathologist specialized in cytology. Diagnostic accuracy of BAL was evaluated. All the results were recorded in Microsoft excel sheet and were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software. Results: A total of 50 patients were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 48.3 years. Majority proportion of patients were males. Sarcoidosis, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Connective tissue disease, Vasculitis and Pneumoconiosis were the final diagnosis in 42 percent, 24 percent, 20 percent, 10 percent and 4 percent of the patients respectively. Between these pathologies, there was no statistically significant variation in the BAL cellular count. Furthermore, variations in BAL cellular count did not affect the prevalence of the disorders under investigation. Conclusion: The BAL cytological examination is not very useful for providing significant information that might help distinguish between the several illnesses that make up ILD. It must thus always be used in conjunction with other diagnostic techniques.