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Volume 8 Issue 2 ( July-December ) 2019

Original Articles

Efficiency of refractive error improvement for people with oculocutaneous albinism in India
Dr. Sujatha Gupta

Introduction:Albinism originates from the Latin word albus, which means white. It refers to a collection of inherited illnesses where the production of the pigment melanin is either absent or decreased. Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a diverse and inherited illness that results in a loss of colour in the skin, hair, and eyes. It is also associated with visual problems such sensitivity to light, misalignment of the eyes, impaired vision, and involuntary eye movements.Materials and methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. It was a descriptive community-based study using a cross-sectional design. The ophthalmology department gathered 50 individuals who agreed to enrol. The diagnostic criteria for OCA were the existence of iris transillumination, retinal hypopigmentation, and depigmentation of the skin, hair, and nails.Results:100 individuals with OCA were included, with an average age of 20 years. Of these, 60 (60%) were male and 40 (40%) were female. The highest percentage of participants (40%) fell within the age range of 16 to 25 years. According to the categorization of the World Health Organisation, based on the best corrected distance visual acuity, 8% of 100 eyes had normal vision, 70% had moderate visual impairment, 15% had severe visual impairment, and 7% were blind.Conclusion: Albinos have a significant occurrence of refractive, non-refractive, and mixed eye diseases. People with albinism experienced noticeable improvement in their ability to see and function after receiving optical correction and alignment, even when their overall visual acuity was below average. It is advisable to promote refractive correction for those with albinism.

 
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