Life history traits of Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) were estimated at five constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ± 0.5ºC) inside Growth Chambers on a cucurbit vegetable, Laginaria siceraria. (Molina) Standl. Within each instar the development was fastest at 30 ºC, with a pre-larviposition period of only one day. Estimates of the lower developmental threshold (tL), and predicted developmental time in degree days (Dº), ranged from 25.61 ºD (for IV instar nymphs) to 132.90 Dº (for I to IV instar nymphs). A. gossypii survived longer at 10 ºC (27.2±2.2 SD days) followed by at 15ºC (24.3±0.2 SD days), 20ºC (18.2±1.0 SD days), 25ºC (12.2±0.6 SD days) and 30 ºC (12.4±0.9 SD days). Fecundity was highest at 25ºC on sorghum (32.5 nymphs/female). A. gossypii achieved its maximum intrinsic rate of increase (rm = 0.322 d-1) at 25ºC. Differences in rm values were caused primarily by differences in pattern of fecundity of A. gossypii and its survival. The variation in rm was also reflected in other life-table parameters. Doubling time (DT) was inversely proportional to temperatures. Generation time (GT) is shortest at 25ºC.