Background: Orthopedic surgeons treat fractures, dislocations, and other traumatic injuries resulting from accidents, falls, and sports-related incidents. The present study was conducted to assess various hematological complications after orthopaedic surgery. Materials & Methods: 158 patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty of both genderswho were prescribed with 5000 units of heparin once daily for a period of 10 days were included.All cases were treated by single orthopaedic surgeon. Parameters such as operative type, duration of procedure and complications etc. were recorded Results: Out of 158 patients, males were 88 and females were 70. Type of surgery was primary total knee arthroplasty in 50, primary total hip arthroplasty in 48, hip resurfacing in 24 and uni-compartmental knee arthroplasty in 36 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Out of 158 cases, thromboembolic complications were noted in 4 (2.5%) cases. Conclusion: After arthroplasty of the knee or hip, heparin is required. Heparin has certain benefits, but it should be used with caution and thorough preoperative and postoperative platelet count monitoring. 2.5% of the participants in our study experienced heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.