Original Articles
Congenital anomalies in second and third trimester | |
Dr. Grishma Agrawal, Dr. Prashant Agrawal | |
Background: Congenital anomaly (CA) is the structural or functional anomaly that occurs during intrauterine life and can be identified prenatally, at birth or later in life. The present study was conducted to assess congenital anomalies in second and third trimester. Materials & Methods: 58 congenital anomalies of both genders. Parameters such as the mother's age, parity, gestational age, delivery method, fetal outcome etc. was recorded. Significant prenatal history was noted, including maternal sickness, drug use, radiation exposure, and labor problems. Results: Out of 58 patients, males were 38 and females were 20. Live fetus at scanning was observed in 23 cases and IUD fetus at scanning in 35 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Congenital anomalies were anencephaly in 14, hydrocephalous in 8, all heart chambers dilated in 2, pericardial effusion in 5, holoprosencephaly in 3, encephalocoele in 6, congenital cataract in 7, cleft lip and palate in 10 and down syndrome in 3 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that in the hands of a skilled practitioner, antenatal ultrasonography is a non-invasive imaging technology that is very sensitive, accurate, and cost-effective. Pregnant women should get thorough ultrasound screening, especially in the second trimester, and follow-up abnormality scanning. This recognizes hereditary conditions and congenital deformities as well as morphological and functional problems in the growing fetus. |
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