Background: The question of whether individuals who receive a complete thyroidectomy following a hemithyroidectomy for a thyroid nodule with an ambiguous cytology are at the same or lower risk of complications as those who undergo primary thyroid surgery remains unsettled. Objective: To evaluate the rate of complications in this patient group, especially in patients who are having a complete thyroidectomy following a hemithyroidectomy for a thyroid nodule whose cytology is unclear. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study. Preoperative and demographic information, details on the surgical technique, the length of the postoperative stay, histology results, and complications were evaluated. Four groups were determined based on the surgical technique that was carried out based on the thyroidectomy carried out. Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage, hypoparathyroidism, cervical hemorrhage, and wound infection were evaluated in all the patients along with the operation time. Results: A total of 104 patients met the established inclusion criteria: 34 (32.69%) males with a mean age of 50.8 ± 6.7 years. 56 (53.8%) underwent a total thyroidectomy (TT Group) and 48 (46.2%) a hemithyroidectomy (HT Group). In TT group, 31 cases (55.3%) of transient hypoparathyroidism, 25 cases (44.7%) of permanent hypoparathyroidism. there was no statistically significant difference seen between the two groups (TT vs HT + CT) in terms of the incidence of hypoparathyroidism, cervical hemorrhage, recurrent laryngeal nerve damage, and wound infection. When comparing HT with CT group, the length of the operation, the use of intraoperative nerve monitoring, the use of a drain, the length of the postoperative stay, and the complications were comparable. Conclusion: Patients submitting to primary thyroid surgery (both a whole thyroidectomy and a hemithyroidectomy) had a similar risk of problems from a completion thyroidectomy performed after a hemithyroidectomy for a thyroid nodule with an ambiguous cytology.