Background: Peripheral nerve pathologies refer to a variety of disorders and conditions that affect the peripheral nervous system, which consists of nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord. The present study compared high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) and magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) in peripheral nerve pathologies. Materials & Methods: 70 patients diagnosed with peripheral nerve pathologies of both gendersunderwent high-resolution ultrasound using Siemens MAGNETOM 3 or 1.5T MR and HRUS imaging with a 14 MHz linear transducer. Results: Out of 70 patients, males were 40 and females were 30. The sensitivity of MRI was 94.8% and USG was 82.4%, specificity was 68.4% and 100%, PPV was 95.2% and 100% and NPV was 58.8% and 46.4% respectively. Out of 15 cases of fascicular change, MRI detected 13 and USG all 15 correct. 14 cases of caliber change, MRI detected 8 and USG 12 correctly, out of 20 cases of nerve discontinuity, MRI assessed 15 and USG 18 accurately. Out of 12 cases of increased nerve signal, MRI detected all correctly and USG detected 9 correct and 8 cases of neuroma/mass lesions, MRI detected 9 and USG 8 correctly. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: In order to assess peripheral nerve diseases, the first-line imaging modality may be HRUS, which shown good accuracy and is a potent tool.