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Volume 12 Issue 3 ( July-September ) 2023

Original Articles

The association between myopia and glaucoma- A comprehensive review of evidence
Dr. Munmun Roy, Dr. Jyoti Bhuyan, Dr. Bharati Gogoi

Purpose: This study aims to explore the potential association between myopia and glaucoma, two prevalent ocular conditions with significant implications for visual health. It discusses the epidemiological evidence, pathophysiological mechanisms, and potential risk factors linking myopia and glaucoma. The study seeks to provide a better understanding of the complex interplay between these ocular disorders and their implications for clinical management. Place of study: Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Guwahati Medical College & Hospital, Assam. It has been done with informed consent from the patients attending outpatient department. Duration of study: 2.5 years, during the period of 1st July 2020 to 31st December 2022. Introduction: Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is characterized by difficulty in focusing on distant objects due to excessive elongation of the eyeball. Glaucoma, on the other hand, is a group of progressive optic neuropathy characterized by damage to the optic nerve and visual field loss. Aim of study: to evaluate the relationship between myopia and glaucoma to determine whether myopia serves as a risk factor for glaucoma development and progression. Materials and methodology: the present study was done with 208 glaucoma patients attending outpatient department. Systemic, routine ocular examination and laboratory investigations were done in all cases. Refraction, applanation tonometry, slit lamp biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, disc and retina evaluation and visual field examination was performed. Results and discussion: Among 208 patients, 86 were found to have high myopia exceeding -6D. Out of 86, 22 were found to have early POAG changes and 16 with advanced disc changes and glaucomatous field defects. The age of the patients enrolled under the study was 40 years and above. Rest had ocular hypertension and retinal degenerative changes. There were no cases of juvenile glaucomas under this study. Conclusion: Our study suggests a plausible relationship between myopia and glaucoma, although the exact mechanisms underlying this association remain incompletely understood. Further research, including large-scale prospective studies is essential to establish a more definitive link between myopia and glaucoma to guide appropriate clinical interventions for at-risk individuals.

 
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