Abstract Issue

Volume 12 Issue 2 ( April- June) 2023

Original Articles

Analysis of Risk factors in Post-COVID-19 Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis and Survival outcome in high risk or immune-compromised Patients
Sagar Dhillon, Sneha Dhillon, Rajendra Choudhary, Saloni Singh, Shruti Sharma

Objective: This study was undertaken to identify possible risks and associations of COVID-19 infection and immune-compromised state with increased incidence of mucormycosis and the survival outcome in patients with Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM). Background: The 21st century witnessed a significant downturn in global population health due to the COVID-19 pandemic. While medical professionals were still grappling with the treatment of coronavirus, a more deadly infection, Mucormycosis emerged as an epidemic, posing the greatest challenge yet. Methods: In this retrospective study, all the cases diagnosed with mucormycosis from March 2021 to November 2021 were taken into the study. This time period contributes to the second wave of COVID-19 when Mucormycosis was declared ‘epidemic in the pandemic’. A total of twenty-one patients were diagnosed with Mucormycosis in the period of nine months. Results: Out of twenty-one enrolled patients’ details, all had a recent (about 1 month) history of moderate to severely symptomatic COVID-19 infection and thus received either of oral or parenteral corticosteroid treatment. The incidence of diabetes mellitus was 57.14% among subjects, and 28.57% were into ketoacidosis at the time of diagnosis for mucormycosis. All the patients received Amphotericin-B 50mg/kg ranging from 7 to 14 days, subject to availability followed by Posaconazole and voriconazole treatment. 71.43% of cases recovered while 28.57% died from brain involvement of fungus i.e., Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM). Conclusion: An immunosuppressive environment created due to COVID-19, diabetes mellitus, and extensive use of corticosteroids provides a suitable medium for fungus to grow and thus increases the incidence of mucormycosis.

 
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