Original Articles
To study serum sodium levels in patients admitted with hepatic encephalopathy and its value as a prognostic marker | |
Dr. Sumegha Singh Godara, Dr. Nitin Gupta, Dr. Shaily Singh, Dr. Savita Kapila | |
Background: A pathological condition known as chronic liver disease (CLD) is characterized by a persistent deterioration of hepatic functioning for at least 6 to 7 months. If unchecked and untreated, CLD usually results in liver Cirrhosis. A series of illnesses known as hepatic encephalopathy (HE) affects people with persistent liver failure and manifests as cognitive function impairment. In hospitalized patients, hyponatremia constitutes one of the most frequent electrolyte malfunction issues. The current research was therefore conducted to evaluate the prognosis of hyponatremia in HE of chronic hepatic disorder in light of the aforementioned results. Material and methods: Research comprising of 50 successive subjects aging 18 years and above with clinical and radiological evidence of cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy was conducted. Serum sodium levels were measured at the time of admission and repeated weekly in all patients. The clinical status of the patients with hyponatremia was compared to those of patients with normal serum sodium levels. The grading of hepatic encephalopathy was correlated with the severity of hyponatremia. All the results were assessed by SPSS software. Results: Mean sodium levels among Hepatic encephalopathy patients was found to be 135.19 mEq/L. Out of 50 patients, hyponatremia was found to be present in 56 percent of the patients (28 patients). Hyponatremia was found to be present in 30 percent of the patients (3 patients) with grade I Hepatic encephalopathy, 27.3 percent of the patients (3 patients) with grade II Hepatic encephalopathy, 69.23 percent of the patients (9 patients) with grade III Hepatic encephalopathy and 81.25 percent of the patients (14 patients) with grade IV Hepatic encephalopathy. Significant results were obtained while assessing the occurrence of hyponatremia in difference grades of hepatic encephalopathy. 25 percent of the patients with Child Pugh Score A, 23.8 percent of the patients with Child Pugh score B and 88 percent of the patients with Child Pugh score C had hyponatremia. While analyzing the correlation between sodium levels and severity of hepatic encephalopathy, significant results were obtained. Conclusion: Individuals having, HE frequently exhibits hyponatremia, and as the condition's seriousness worsened, so did the subject's hyponatremia. In attempt to eliminate the sudden emergence of cirrhosis-associated problems, cirrhotic subjects must have their serum sodium levels carefully monitored. |
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