Original Articles
Unveiling the enigmatic factors: Decoding the intricacies of stroke risk | |
Dr. Shailesh Kumar | |
Background: A stroke occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted, either by a blockage or the rupture of a blood vessel. The lack of blood flow to the brain can cause brain cells to be deprived of oxygen and nutrients, leading to their damage or death. Stroke is defined as a neurological deficit attributed to an acute focal injury of the CNS (ie, brain, retina, or spinal cord) by a vascular cause. Most strokes are ischaemic due to reduced blood flow, generally resulting from arterial occlusion. A rarer type of ischaemic stroke is venous infarction due to occlusion of cerebral veins or venous sinuses. Aim: The present study was conducted to assess risk factors of stroke. Materials & Methods: 72 cases of stroke of both genders were subjected to CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), carotid Doppler and CT angiography. Risk factors and clinical features were recorded. Results: Out of 72 cases, males were 40 and females were 32. Common risk factors observed were hypertension in 65, alcoholism in 23, smoking in 45, obesity in 22, past CVD in 13, family history of stroke in 10, dyslipidaemia in 36 and diabetes in 52 patients. Clinical features were hemiplegia/hemiparesis in 62, seizures in 40, gait abnormalities in 35, cranial nerve involvement in 28 and speech disturbances in 17. Arteries involved were middle cerebral artery in 32, anterior cerebral artery in 26 and posterior cerebral artery in 14. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Common risk factors observed were hypertension, alcoholism, smoking, obesity, past CVD, family history of stroke, dyslipidaemia and diabetes. |
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