Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality, especially in developing nations such as India. Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continue to be a prevalent factor contributing to intensive care unit admissions globally, while respiratory failure persists as a frequent and life-threatening complication of these acute exacerbations. In individuals experiencing respiratory failure, both invasive and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) may be employed. Numerous studies have demonstrated that non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is efficacious in the management of these patients, offering an advantage over invasive ventilation, which may be linked to complications arising from endotracheal intubation. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in individuals presenting with type 2 respiratory failure. Additionally, to determine the necessary duration of NIV for achieving clinical improvement, with the ultimate goal of normalizing arterial pH. Materials and Methods: This research was an observational and retrospective investigation executed in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine at Rama Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur, U.P. The study spanned a period of two years, from March 2022 to February 2024. One hundred twenty-nine individuals experiencing acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive airway disease were incorporated into this study according to established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The electronic record of all patients who received non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory illness was examined. The data analysis encompassed the comparison of arterial blood gas pH with the utilization of non-invasive ventilation (NIV). The enhancement in pH levels was associated with the implementation of non-invasive ventilation. Additional comorbidities were incorporated into the dataset and analyzed for correlations with pH values. Results: Out of 129 cases, 69 were females (53.5%) and 60 were males (46.5%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.15. The 51–60 age group had the most cases at 30.2%, followed by 41–50 at 26.3%. The lowest cases were in the >70 years group (6.2%). Overall mean age was 49.8 years. Middle-aged adults were the majority of cases, with slightly more in females. Hypertension is the most common comorbidity at 11.6%. Patient examination showed dyspnea as the main symptom in all 129 cases (100%). Additional complaints were cough 121 (93.7%), expectoration 109 (84.4%), and fever 105 (81.3%). Out of 129 cases, 13 (9. 9%) had Grade I dyspnea, 56 (43.4%) had Grade II, 44 (34.1%) had Grade III, and 19 (14.7%) had Grade IV. The dyspnea stages were classified per GOLD guidelines. Most study participants were GOLD Stage II 38 (29.4%), then Stage III 37 (28.6%), Stage IV 32 (24.8%), and Stage I 23 (17.8%). Conclusion: Non-invasive ventilation is a secure and efficacious method for the management of patients experiencing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.