Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the spectrum of morphological features in placentae of low birth weight babies and compared the morphological findings with maternal factors/ fetal factors associated with LBW. Methods: The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology in Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti, Solan for period of 1.5 year, dates subject to IEC approval. Minimum 100 Cases of placentae of low birth weight (<2.5 kg) at >28 weeks of gestation and 100 cases of controls were included in the study. Results: The age of the mothers in the case group ranged from 17-41 years with maximum mothers (64) in the age group of 21-30 years. The age of the mothers in the control group ranged from 19 years to 42 years with maximum mothers (73) in the age group of 21-30 years. In the case group (n=100), 57 mothers were multigravida and 43 mothers were primigravida. In the control group (n=100), 51 mothers were primigravida and 49 mothers were multigravida. In the case group (n=100) 52 mothers had term deliveries and 48 mothers had preterm deliveries. In the control group (n=100) all the mothers had term deliveries. All mothers included in the control group had uncomplicated pregnancies. In the case group mothers had single or multiple maternal and fetal risk factors. The most common risk factor was preterm deliveries (48), followed by hypothyroidism (16), anemia (16), PIH (10), PROM (9), Rh-ve pregnancy (6), IUGR (6), preeclampsia (5), placenta previa (4), and GDM (4). Conclusion: The present study concluded that the placental pathologies are not single but rather multiple in low birth weight deliveries. The prevalence of placental pathology in low birth weight infants is rather high and the examination of placenta provides considerable amount of data in such cases. Key words: Placenta, low birth weight, histopathology