Background: The primitive tribal groups (PTGs) need special attention because of their low population growth: declining population size with high mortality rates. Scanty reports are available on the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in primitive tribes of the country emphasizing their cultural and social practices associated with transmission of the disease. Methodology: The study population consisted of 87600 patients from MG hospital, affiliated with RVRS Medical college Bhilwara, Rajasthan. A detailed demographic history was collected. Screening of HBsAg was performed by using rapid card test method.Results: The study included 87,600 participants, of which 301 patients (0.39%) were from tribal communities. Of the total sample, 3650 (4.1%) were found to be HBsAg positive. Among these HBsAg positive patients, 312 (8.54%) developed chronic hepatitis B. Out of 312 chronic hepatitis patients, the highest positivity was 28 (10.18%) in tribal community.136 (58.6) were isolated in age group 21-30 years in rural and urban community. Instead, 18 (64.2%) of the 10-20 age group were segregated in the tribal community. There were 212/312 (67.9%) more male patients than females. In the tribal community, 50% (14/28) were in contact with sexual partners of people with hepatitis B.Conclusions: The present study documents the prevalence of HBsAg among the tribal population residing in the Southern Rajasthan. The study findings could be considered as an interim assessment of the status of Hepatitis B infection among the tribal communities in Southern Rajasthan.