Original Articles
Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in patients above 40 years of age with myopia more than 4 Dioptres | |
Dr. Gopi Krishna Chetti, Dr. Venumadhav Mothukuri, Dr. Rakesh Singh, Shanti Kumar Goparaju | |
Background: Glaucoma is one among the leading causes of global irreversible blindness. Until the advanced stage, it is asymptomatic. Glaucoma is an irreversible condition hence early detection and treatment is essential in delaying or halting the progression of the disease for the control of blindness due to glaucoma. Various risk factors are known to be associated with the occurrence of glaucoma such as age, gender, race, refractive error, hereditary and systemic diseases may play role in pathogenesis. POAG is often diagnosed on routine ocular examination and in many instances in the late stage. It manifests mainly as peripheral visual field loss with central vision being preserved almost till the end stage. By the time the patient is symptomatic the visual loss is irreversible. Therefore, early diagnosis is essential so that treatment to halt progression can be instituted. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital‑based cross‑sectional observational case study conducted between February 2019 and August 2020 in the Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Eye Hospital, Warangal, Telangana State, India. During the above mentioned period, the Study population consisted of 50 patients presenting in OPD with myopia greater than 4 Diopters above 40 years of age were included in the study. Results: In the present Prospective observational case study with a sample size of 50 patients, the age groups of the patients included in the study ranged from 41 to 65 years. Among the 50 patients included in the study, the majority were in the age group of 51–55 years (28%), the least belonged to 61-65 years (8%) , a male‑to‑female ratio of 1.38:1. There are 18 % High Myopics (more than 6 diopters) and 82 % Moderate Myopics ( 4 to 6 diopters). Among the study group 28 % are Diabetics and 72 % are Non –Diabetics. 32 % patients with Hypertension and 68 % without Hypertension. 58 % of the study patients had moderate visual acuity and 42 % had good visual acuity in Right Eye. 58 % of the Study patients have Moderate visual acuity and 42 % have Good visual acuity in Left Eye. 8 % of the patients with myopia have primary open angle glaucoma. Conclusion: In present study, High myopia presented as significant risk factor for have primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Hence it is important to screen high myopic patients for glaucoma at closer intervals. Cup Disc ratio and visual field changes had good correlation with POAG. Hence Disc evaluation with 90D is mandatory in all patients above 40 years with high myopia for early diagnosis and treatment |
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