Abstract Issue

Volume 13 Issue 10 (October) 2024

Original Articles

Biochemical Indicators and Cardiac Function Tests in Chronic Alcohol Abuse
Dr. Savita Mishra, Dr. Ashish Kumar Gupta, Dr. Amit Kumar Sharma, Dr. Vishnu Datta Pandey, Dr. Rahul Srivastava

Background: Chronic alcohol abuse is a significant risk factor for the development of alcoholic cardiomyopathy, characterized by impaired cardiac function and increased risk of heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the utility of biochemical indicators and cardiac function tests in assessing the extent and severity of cardiac dysfunction in patients with chronic alcohol abuse. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 patients with a history of chronic alcohol abuse. Patients underwent biochemical testing, including liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and GGT) and markers of cardiac injury (troponin I and BNP), and cardiac function tests, including echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Results: Thirty patients (30%) were diagnosed with alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Patients with alcoholic cardiomyopathy had significantly higher levels of AST (85 [60-120] vs. 45 [30-65] U/L, p<0.001), ALT (70 [50-95] vs. 40 [25-60] U/L, p<0.001), GGT (150 [110-220] vs. 90 [60-130] U/L, p<0.001), troponin I (0.08 [0.05-0.12] vs. 0.02 [0.01-0.04] ng/mL, p<0.001), and BNP (180 [120-250] vs. 60 [40-90] pg/mL, p<0.001) compared to those without alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Echocardiographic and CMR parameters showed significant differences in LVEF, left ventricular dimensions, and diastolic function between the two groups (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Logistic regression analysis identified several independent predictors of alcoholic cardiomyopathy, including age, male gender, duration and quantity of alcohol consumption, liver enzymes, markers of cardiac injury, and echocardiographic parameters. Conclusion: Biochemical indicators and cardiac function tests are valuable tools in assessing the extent and severity of cardiac dysfunction in patients with chronic alcohol abuse. The identified predictors of alcoholic cardiomyopathy can aid in the early detection and risk stratification of these patients, guiding targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

 
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