Background: Osteoporosis is a degenerative, debilitating metabolic bone disease that is increasingly prevalent in postmenopausal women. In recent years, osteoporosis has become a global public health concern because of its negative effects on quality of life and its proven link with increased mortality and a significant financial burden to society. As a bone disease that develops when bone mineral density and bone mass decrease, it leads to weak and brittle bones that are more vulnerable to fracture. Prevalence statistics of postmenopausal osteoporosis and knowledge regarding its independent predictors are lacking.Aim and objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis and associated risk factors among postmenopausal women.Materials and Methods: The present study was a hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study. This study was carried out among postmenopausal women who attended the orthopaedics/gynaecology outpatient department of Sri Krishna Medical College & Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, Indiafrom January 2019 to July 2019, and 690 women ranging in age between 50 and 80 years who had confirmed menopause were enrolled for the study. Finally, 539 women were recommended for bone mineral density testing using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. To analyse the differences between the groups, a chi-square and Student’s t-test were used for the categorical and continuous variables, respectively. P < 0.05 was considered to show significant associations.Results: In present study, 60% of subjects belonged to the 60-year age group. 40% of subjects were having 5 or more children. 20% of subjects were currently smoking or chewing tobacco. Age of menopause among 42% of subjects was after 50 years of age, and duration of menopause at the time of enrolment in the study was more than 10 years in 50% of subjects. The prevalence of osteoporosis increased with the increase in the parity. Subjects with poor socioeconomic condition, family history of symptoms related to osteoporosis and fragility fracture, and self-history of fragility fracture had a higher prevalence of osteoporosis (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The prevalence of osteoporosis is high among postmenopausal women, but the awareness is limited. This study highlights the need for screening all women after the age of 40 years. In this study, the overall prevalence of osteoporotic fractures among postmenopausal females was 80% (osteoporosis: 38% and osteopenia: 42%). The gold standard method recommended by the WHO in the diagnosis of osteoporosis is DXA. By this method, osteoporosis is defined by a BMD lower than 3.5 SDs of the reference BMD. Health education is necessary for preventing modifiable risk factors and reducing the complications of this disease.