Present work was carried out to study and document the gene frequency of ABO and Rh (D) blood group alleles in the local population of Bhopal, M.P as limited information is available in Central India.1000 subjects from both genders were randomly selected from PCMS & RC, Bhopal from March 2015 to August 2015. Blood group typing was done by the open slide test method. We analysed allelic frequencies based on Hardy-Weinberg equations. Phenotype frequency for B and Rh +ve blood group was highest in overall study population. The allele frequencies of O, A, B and AB groups in the combined data were found to be 0.53, 0.18, 0.29 and 0.10 respectively. Allelic frequency for Rh +ve and Rh –ve was 0.78 and 0.22. This distribution do not differ significantly (p>0.05) from those expected under Hardy-Weinberg law. This study will be useful for clinicians, geneticists and pathologists.