Aim: Investigate the causes and clinical characteristics of pleural effusion. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted to investigate pleural effusion among patients meeting specific criteria. A total of 100 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria during the study period were enrolled. Inclusion criteria comprised patients of both sexes who had undergone clinical and radiological evaluations for pleural effusion, confirmed by pleurocentesis, and provided informed consent. Results: In the present study, maximum incidence of pleural effusion was found in the age group 41-50 years (39%) followed by 51-60 years (30%). In the present study, it was observed that, male (73%) is predominance than female (27%). In the present study, out of 100 cases, 90 cases were exudates and 10 cases were transudates. The most common etiology of pleural effusion was tuberculosis (59%) and cardiac failure (10%). Conclusion: Every case of pleural effusion should be meticulously investigated in order to arrive a diagnosis and to proceed for specific therapy, specific treatment may be started earliest.