Introduction: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery is a frequently conducted neurosurgical technique. Shunt failure can lead to serious health problems and a significant risk of death. We examined the complications associated with these shunts and conducted an analysis to identify the risk factors for shunt failure. Material and methods: The present prospective study was conducted 50 among pediatric patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus at department of neurosurgery during the study period one year. Demographic information, clinical observations, and preoperative radiological images were collected for all cases from medical records. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Out of 50 patients 12 (24%) came back with complications like Ventriculo Peritoneal(VP) shunt failures after the surgery. The main etiology was congenital aqueductal stenosis (41.6%). Time taken to perform the surgery was greater than one hour in 75% of subjects.66.6% of cases were emergency cases. On bivariate logistic regression analysis, duration of surgery (P = 0.027) and priority of case (P = 0.001) were significantly correlated with outcome. On multivariate analysis, urgency of the case was only significantly associated with higher complications (P = 0.024). Conclusion: Extended duration of the surgical procedure, and the urgency of the case (emergency) were distinct factors that increased the chance of shunt problems.