Original Articles
Study of serum calcium, zinc and iron in severe acute malnourished children of low economic group | |
Priyanka Yadav, Ashutosh Jain, Jaya Jain | |
Background: Malnutrition is a broad and encompassing phrase. Malnutrition often pertains to the condition of under nutrition, which arises due to insufficient intake, inadequate absorption, or excessive nutrient loss. However, this word also incorporates over nutrition, which occurs as a consequence of excessive ingestion of certain nutrients. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is correlated with heightened severity of prevalent infectious illnesses, and mortality in children afflicted with SAM is predominantly attributable to infections AM is associated with Ca deficiency and increases the risks of rickets and hypocalcemia. Zinc deficiency is common world-wide but is seen with greater frequency in developing countries. Zinc deficiency can be inherited or acquired and typically presents with infectious, inflammatory, gastrointestinal, or coetaneous involvement. Iron is an essential micronutrient for human beings due to its pivotal involvement in several physiological processes, including but not limited to oxygen transportation, oxidative metabolism, cellular proliferation, and numerouscatalytic events5. Nutritional anaemia is one of the major causes of growth retardation, decreased physical activities and cognitive function in children. Aim: Aim of our study is to study of serum calcium, zinc and iron in severe acute malnourished children of low economic group. In our study, mean calcium was 5.93 ± 1.17 mg/dl in case, and mean calcium was 7.87 ± 0.42 mg/dl in Control. Mean calcium was higher in the control group as compared to the malnutrition group, and there was a significant difference in mean calcium between case and control. In our study, mean iron was 46.12 ± 9.33 µg/dlin case, and mean iron was 63.21 ± 13.46 mcg/dl in control. Mean iron was higher in the control group as compared to the malnutrition group, and there was a significant difference in mean iron between case and control. In our study, the mean zinc was 0.41± 0.23 µg/dl in case, and the mean zinc was 0.88± 0.17 µg/dl in control. Mean zinc was higher in the control group as compared to the malnutrition group, and there was a significant difference in mean zinc between case and control. According to above graph calcium iron and zinc is positively correlated with MUAC. Material and methods: After institutional ethics committee approval, research authors would commence. Participants gave informed consent before in this study, a total of 200 cases ≤.5 year of either gender, diagnosed as sever malnourished were enrolled from Paediatric Department. The study included 100 SAM patients and 100 healthy controls from Indore's Index Medical College & Research Centre (IMCRC) departments of paediatrics OPD. This prospective observational study follows Indore IMCHRC rules & regulations. However, the study's limitations, including its cross-sectional design, call for longitudinal investigations to establish causality between macronutrient deficiencies and levels in SAM-affected children. Additionally, the research primarily focused on a specific geographical region. Conclusion: A healthy diet in children is important to provide nutrients that support optimum physical growth and cognitive development and to also establish healthy eating behaviours that lower risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. Although it is generally advised that micronutrients should be obtained from food, many children do not reach daily intake recommendations for select micronutrients, including vitamins A, C, D, and E, and some minerals, such as calcium and magnesium. Therefore, with our study we found that there is significant difference in calcium, iron, and zinc level between cases and control. So, there is significant need for assessment of calcium, iron, and zinc level, which further helps in decreasing complications associated with calcium, iron, and zinc level and there is strict need for maintaining it, which further helps in decreasing morbidities and mortalities among children’s. |
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