Abstract Issue

Volume 13 Issue 5 (May) 2024

Original Articles

Prevalence and antibiogram of uropathogens isolated in a South Indian government hospital: A cross-sectional study
Preethi Rioniz, Lavanya J,Shruthi Rioniz

Background: Urinary tract infections are among the most common bacterial infections that are largely treated using empirical antibiotic therapy. Due to the prevailing antibiotic resistance trends, treatment may be inadequate or overzealous. This study was undertaken with the objectives of:i)determining the prevalence of uropathogens, and ii) preparing a hospital antibiogram so as to facilitate better decision-making.Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at a government hospital in Chikkamagaluru district of Karnataka, India, using secondary data of bacterial isolates in urine cultures from July 2022 to December 2023. Data entry and analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel. The prevalence of specific causative organisms and antibiotic susceptibility were presented as percentages and graphs. An antibiogram was prepared from the analysed data.Results: The study population was evenly distributed across adult and paediatric age groups. Bacterial isolates from 674 urine samples were subjected to culture and sensitivity testing. 71.9% of all culture-confirmed urinary tract infections were observed in female patients. The overall prevalence of urinary tract infection was 19% (128/674), of which 93.7% were gram-negative infections. E. coli was the most commonly isolated organism (84.4%). On antimicrobial susceptibility testing, uropathogens exhibited maximum sensitivity to meropenem (98.3%), imipenem (98.1%), amikacin (95.3%) and gentamicin (91.3%), while being most resistant to amoxicillin and ampicillin.Conclusion: Most commonly encountered uropathogens were E. coli and Klebsiella that responded maximally to carbapenems and aminoglycosides while showing greatest resistance to penicillins. The antibiogram constructed based on the results of this study can be used to guide empirical therapy in the affiliated hospital.

 
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