Background: Burst abdomen, also known as dehiscence of abdominal incision, is a serious complication following abdominal surgery associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in surgical techniques and perioperative care, burst abdomen remains a challenge for surgeons. Understanding the causes and appropriate management strategies are crucial in reducing its occurrence and improving patient outcomes. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at MGM Medical College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, from January 2022 to December 2022. The study included 30 patients who developed burst abdomen following abdominal surgery. Data regarding patient demographics, preoperative risk factors, surgical details, and postoperative complications were collected and analyzed. Management strategies employed for burst abdomen cases were also documented. Results: Of the 30 patients included in the study, the mean age was 56 years (range: 28-78 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. The most common predisposing factors for burst abdomen were found to be obesity (40%), diabetes mellitus (30%), and previous abdominal surgeries (20%). Surgical procedures commonly associated with burst abdomen included exploratory laparotomy (50%) and bowel resection (30%). The mean time to development of burst abdomen postoperatively was 7 days (range: 4-12 days). Conservative management was successful in 60% of cases, while 40% required surgical intervention. Among the surgically managed cases, primary closure with mesh reinforcement was the most frequently employed technique (80%). The overall mortality rate in this cohort was 20%. Conclusion: Burst abdomen remains a significant complication following abdominal surgery, associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Identification of predisposing factors and meticulous surgical technique are essential in prevention. Early recognition and prompt management, whether conservative or surgical, are crucial in reducing morbidity and improving patient outcomes. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings and refine management strategies.