Background:The present study was conducted for comparing the efficacy of closure versus non-closure of peritoneum during cesarean section. Materials & methods:A total of 40 patients scheduled to undergo elective cesarean section were enrolled. Complete demographic and clinical details of all the patients was obtained. Randomization was done and all the patients were divided into two study groups as follows: Closure group and non-closure group in relation to peritoneum. Intraoperative findings were recorded separately. VAS scale was used for assessment of pain on a scale of 0 to 10 with 0 indicating no pain and 10 indicating maximum unbearable severe pain. All the results were recorded and analyzed using SPSS software. Results:Significant results were obtained while comparing the duration of procedure between closure group (39.69 minutes) and non-closure group (32.26 minutes). Mean VAS among the patients of the non-closure group was significantly lower at different postoperative time intervals in comparison to the closure group. Mean postoperative analgesic dose requirement was significantly higher among the patients of the closure group in comparison to the non-closure group. Conclusion:Among patients undergoing cesarean section, significantly better results are achieved during non-closure of peritoneum.