Background:This research seeks to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two diagnostic techniques for assessing tubal patency: conventional hysterosalpingography (HSG) and magnetic resonance hysterosalpingography (MRHSG). Conventional HSG employs contrast media for visualizing the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, whereas MRHSG utilizes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for more detailed cross-sectional images. By investigating potential differences or advantages between these two methods, the study aims to provide valuable insights into reproductive medicine. This exploration may contribute to enhancing diagnostic accuracy in evaluating female reproductive health.Methods:The research encompassed a cohort of 200 participants aged between 20 and 40 years, all undergoing tubal patency evaluations. This diverse group included individuals who had undergone tubal ligation reversal as well as those with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortions. The examinations were conducted during the window of Day 7 to Day 12 of the menstrual cycle for standardized and consistent assessments..Results:Both MR HSG and cHSG exhibited comparable diagnostic performance in the study. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall diagnostic accuracy for MR HSG were reported at 100%, 99.08%, 100%, 97.5%, and 99.75%, respectively. Similarly, when comparing MR HSG to DL, the values were 100%, 93.73%, 87.21%, 100%, and 96%, respectively. The Kappa agreement between MR HSG and cHSG was notably high at 0.97, indicating substantial concordance. Additionally, the McNemar test, yielding a value of 1, revealed no statistically significant difference between the two procedures, providing further confirmation of their comparable diagnostic efficacy.Conclusion:MR HSG emerges as a novel and relatively unexplored investigative method, garnering limited attention on both national and international platforms. This study distinguishes itself by pioneering an in-depth examination of the practicality and applicability of utilizing MRI for HSG. In doing so, it contributes valuable insights to the expanding body of knowledge in this evolving field, shedding light on the potential of magnetic resonance imaging as a diagnostic tool in reproductive medicine.