Background: A humeral shaft fracture refers to a fracture that occurs in the shaft or body of the humerus, which is the bone of the upper arm. The present study was conducted to assess antegrade versus retrograde nailing in humeral shaft fractures. Materials & Methods: 48 patients of humeral shaft fractures of both genders were selected. The antegrade nailing techniquewere included in group I while the patients with retrograde nailing were in group II. Parameters such as surgical time (mins), time for radiological union (weeks), duration of hospital stay (weeks), intra-operative bleeding (ml), fracture type, and complications were recorded Results: In group I, males were 13 and females were 11 and in group II, males were 12 and females were 12. Surgical time was 82.4 mins and 94.2 mins, time for radiological union was 15.2 weeks and 16.4 weeks, duration of hospital 5.4 weeks and 6.1 weeks and intra-operative bleeding was 42.5 ml and 42.8 ml in group I and II respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Complications were delayed union in 1 in group I, shoulder stiffness in 2 in group I and 1 in group II and infection in 1 in group I. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Retrograde nailing is an option for patients with wider medullary canals and more distal fractures due to its ease of insertion and superior stability. Antegrade nailing is an option for more proximal fractures at the meta-diaphyseal junction, particularly in a younger population with smaller medullary canal and polytrauma.