Background: A hernia is a condition where organs or a portion of organs protrude through an opening in the body cavity wall that should normally contain them. In the case of a ventral hernia, this protrusion occurs through the abdominal wall. An Incisional hernia (IH) is a specific type of ventral hernia that emerges through a surgical scar. Various studies have shown that individuals who have undergone abdominal surgeries have a 10% to 20% risk of developing an Incisional hernia (IH). Methods: This prospective study was conducted with a focus on patients who were admitted to the hospital for various types of hernias. The study involved a total of 140 cases, with 60 of them being individuals with incisional hernias and forming the study group. The patients admitted to the surgical wards across all surgical units underwent thorough examinations to assess abdominal wall defects and to identify any underlying causes and predisposing factors. Results: Throughout the course of our study, a total of 140 patients underwent hernia surgery, and among them, 60 cases were classified as incisional hernias. The most commonly observed type of hernia was the inguinal hernia, representing 41.46% of the cases, while incisional hernias accounted for 40% of the total cases. Less common types of hernias made up the remaining 18.34% of the cases examined. Conclusion: Research has demonstrated that mesh repair is more effective in preventing hernia recurrence when compared to anatomical repair, particularly for incisional hernias. Incisional hernias are more commonly observed in women than men, and this is often attributed to factors such as the weakening of the abdominal wall due to multiple pregnancies, an increased number of cesarean sections, and gynecological surgeries. To reduce the risk of incisional hernias, it is essential to use a sterile aseptic technique during surgery and administer appropriate pre-operative antibiotics.