Background: The present study was conducted for assessing the effects of preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection and factors associated with treatment abandonment. Materials &Methods: A total of 400 subjects, 200 staff and 200 school going children (within the age group of 14 to 16 years) were enrolled in the present study. Screening of all the subjects was done for clinical symptoms andwere subjected to purified protein derivative (PPD) skin testing and chest X-ray examination for evaluating LTBI.The individuals were split into two groups: a PT group and a control group, in accordance with the principle of voluntariness and whether the subject agreed to receive preventative therapy (PT). The 210 cases in the PT group all underwent PT. A total of 190 cases who did not receive PT made up the control group. For three continuous months, participants in the PT group took INH tablets along with RFP capsules. This was followed by a questionnaire survey. All the results were analysed. Results: A total of 400 subjects, 200 staff and 200 school going children(within the age group of 14 to 16 years) were enrolled. The 210 cases in the PT group all underwent PT. A total of 190 cases who did not receive PT made up the control group. Active pulmonary tuberculosis was seen in one student and two staff members. However; PT suggested absence of LTBI.While evaluating the risk factors with PT abandonment, it was seen that occurrence of PT adverse effects, illiterate parental education and rural residence were significant risk factors associated with PT abandonment. Conclusion: The authors inferred that PT adoption for LTBI populations at high risk is advantageous based on the aforementioned findings. But PT must begin concurrently with "source of infection" control efforts.