Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health challenge characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, action, or both. The interplay between metabolic and micronutrient imbalances in diabetes is complex, with significant roles played by vitamins and lipid metabolism in the pathophysiology of diabetic complications, including nephropathy. Aim: To determine the serum Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, and Folic Acid levels in Diabetes without Nephropathy and in patients with Diabetes with Nephropathy. Materials & methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, involving 200 diabetic patients divided into two groups: those with diabetes and nephropathy and those without nephropathy. The study required informed consent and excluded pregnant or lactating women, chronic illnesses, and vitamin supplement use. Serum samples were collected and tested for vitamin D and B12 levels. The study also estimated lipid profile parameters and used chemiluminescence immunoassays to measure vitamin D and B12 levels. The study aimed to understand the impact of diabetes on kidney function. Results: We observed significant differences (X2 131.477; P < 0.001) when compared between the two groups with regards to urinary protein: creatinine ratio (≥ 1), Urine Pr Cr ratio (≥ 3), 24 h proteinuria ≥ 3.5 g/dL. Similarly, we observed significant differences when compared between the two groups with regards to serum protein (t=9.236, df=198, P <0.05), serum albumin (t=25.473; P < 0.05) and diastolic BP (t=26.636, df=198, P <0.05). We observed significant differences when compared between the two groups with regards to vitamin B12 (t=8.474, df=198, P <0.05), vitamin D (t=7.729, df=198, P <0.05), and HOMA-IR (t=23.696, df=198, P <0.05). Conclusion:The study highlights the crucial role of micronutrients like vitamin D, B12, and folic acid in diabetes development and complications, particularly nephropathy. Deficits in these vitamins contribute to oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, and can be detected early by supplementation or dietary changes.