Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) share common pathophysiological pathways, including metabolic dysregulation and systemic inflammation. Emerging evidence suggests that CKD may contribute to the progression of liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients. However, limited studies have explored the direct impact of CKD on liver fibrosis severity and progression in this population. This study aims to evaluate the association between CKD and liver fibrosis progression in NAFLD patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 NAFLD patients, of whom 100 had CKD (CKD-NAFLD group) and 100 had normal kidney function (NAFLD-only group). Liver fibrosis was assessed using transient elastography (FibroScan) and fibrosis scores (FIB-4, NAFLD fibrosis score). Renal function was evaluated based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum creatinine levels. Statistical analysis, including t-tests and logistic regression models, was performed to determine the association between CKD and fibrosis progression. Results: Patients in the CKD-NAFLD group had significantly higher fibrosis scores (FIB-4: 2.5 ± 0.8 vs. 1.7 ± 0.6, p < 0.001; NAFLD fibrosis score: 0.9 ± 0.3 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2, p = 0.002) compared to the NAFLD-only group. Advanced fibrosis (F3-F4) was observed in 45% of CKD-NAFLD patients compared to 25% in the NAFLD-only group (p = 0.01). Regression analysis indicated that CKD was an independent predictor of fibrosis progression (OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.6-4.5, p < 0.001). Conclusion: CKD is significantly associated with increased liver fibrosis progression in NAFLD patients, emphasizing the need for early screening and integrated management strategies for both conditions. Clinicians should consider CKD as a contributing factor to NAFLD severity and tailor treatment approaches accordingly