Original Articles
Estimation of thyroid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus a comparative cross-sectional study | |
Anmol Attri, R.C. Bidri, P.G. Mantur, S.N. Bantoor | |
Background: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid abnormalities are the two most prevalent endocrinopathies. Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing non-communicable metabolic syndromes. Objective: To determine the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders and comparison of their prevalence in both sexes. Methodology: Every one of the 84 patients who were enrolled in this study had a detailed medical history that included information on their duration, severity, family history, type of treatment, compliance, and control of their glycemic status with co-morbid conditions such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, and cerebrovascular accident. They also underwent a comprehensive general and systemic examination, as well as routine investigations such as complete blood counts, renal function tests, liver function tests, and lipid profiles. Results: Most patients were aged 51-60 years (51.2%) and predominantly female (67.9%). The majority of patients had euthyroid status (46.4%), followed by hypothyroid (29.8%), hyperthyroid (15.5%), and subclinical hypothyroidism (8.3%). T3, T4, and TSH levels were significantly different across thyroid disease types, with hypothyroid patients showing the lowest T3 (0.28 ng/dl) and T4 (0.125 µg/dl) and the highest TSH (18.97 µIU/l) levels, while hyperthyroid patients had the highest T3 (0.8 ng/dl) and T4 (1.06 µg/dl) and the lowest TSH (0.051 µIU/l). Additionally, patients with better diabetes control (HbA1c < 7%) had higher T3 (1.64 ng/dl) and T4 (7.97 µg/dl) levels and lower TSH (5.42 µIU/l) compared to those with poor diabetes control (HbA1c > 7%), who had lower T3 (0.98 ng/dl) and T4 (5.84 µg/dl) levels and higher TSH (11.42 µIU/l), with all differences being statistically significant. Conclusion: Serum T3, T4, and TSH levels were noticeably aberrant, and there was inadequate glycaemic regulation, according to our observations and results as well as comparisons with other research of a similar nature. Type 2 diabetics are more prone to have altered thyroid hormone levels, particularly in individuals with poor glycaemic control. |
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