Aim: The study aims to investigate the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and ovulatory function in infertile women. The objective is to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in women experiencing infertility and to evaluate its impact on ovulatory cycles. Materials and Methods: This comparative, observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at SMGS GMC Jammu over 1.5 years, involving 120 women aged 20–40 years. The study group (n=60) comprised infertile women, while the control group (n=60) included fertile women with normal thyroid function. Participants were selected based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, with ethical approval and informed consent obtained. Comprehensive investigations, including hematological, biochemical, hormonal, and imaging assessments, were conducted to evaluate infertility and thyroid function. Results: In the study group, subclinical hypothyroidism was observed in 17 cases (28.33%) and clinical hypothyroidism in 4 cases (6.67%), whereas the control group had 4 cases (6.67%) of subclinical hypothyroidism and 1 case (1.67%) of clinical hypothyroidism. Subclinical hyperthyroidism was found in 1 case (1.67%) in the study group, while clinical hyperthyroidism was absent in both groups. Ovulatory dysfunction was significantly higher among hypothyroid women, with 66.67% of hypothyroid cases experiencing anovulatory cycles, compared to 28.95% in euthyroid women. In contrast, 71.05% of euthyroid women exhibited ovulatory cycles, while only 33.33% of hypothyroid women ovulated. A single case of clinical hyperthyroidism was observed, and this participant had an ovulatory cycle. Conclusion: This study establishes a strong link between thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism, and ovulatory dysfunction in infertile women. Hypothyroidism was more prevalent in women with anovulatory cycles, emphasizing the need for routine thyroid screening in infertile women, especially those with irregular menstrual cycles. Early diagnosis and thyroxine supplementation can help restore ovulatory function and improve fertility outcomes.