Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a global health concern due to its high prevalence and complications. Thyroid dysfunction, especially hypothyroidism, is common in T2DM patients, yet the relationship between the two is complex and not fully understood. This study investigates the prevalence, patterns, and clinical implications of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients, emphasizing the need for routine thyroid screening. Aim: To investigate the prevalence and pattern of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients and highlight the importance of routine thyroid screening. Materials and Methods: This study involved 100 subjects, divided into two groups: 50 healthy controls and 50 diabetic patients, aged 30-60. Detailed medical histories were recorded, and blood samples were analysed for thyroid hormones (T3, T4, TSH), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose. Data analysis was performed using statistical software with significance set at p<0.05. Results: The study showed a high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients, with subclinical hypothyroidism being most common. Diabetic patients had significantly higher TSH levels and lower T3 and T4 levels than controls. A higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was observed in females, with many T2DM patients testing positive for anti-TPO antibodies, suggesting an autoimmune cause for the thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction, particularly subclinical hypothyroidism, is common in T2DM patients. Routine thyroid screening is crucial for early detection and management. Regular assessments of TSH levels and comprehensive metabolic evaluations should be integrated into diabetic care protocols to optimize outcomes and reduce complications. This study emphasizes the importance of thyroid screening in T2DM to improve patient care and quality of life.