Original Articles
Retrospective Radiological and Clinical Evaluation of Neonatal and Infantile Cutaneous Manifestations in Genetic and Autoimmune Disorders | |
Nakka Mallesh, Dadala Venkata Rajagopal, Prashanth Kumar Patnaik, Rama Rao Piprikar | |
Background: Neonatal and infantile cutaneous manifestations can be early indicators of genetic and autoimmune disorders. Understanding their clinical and radiological characteristics is crucial for early diagnosis and management. Objectives: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the radiological and clinical features of cutaneous manifestations in neonates and infants diagnosed with genetic and autoimmune disorders. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 100 neonates and infants with cutaneous findings associated with genetic (n=50) and autoimmune (n=50) disorders was conducted. Demographic data, cutaneous manifestations, radiological findings, and treatment approaches were analyzed. Results: The study population consisted of 55 males and 45 females. Most cases were diagnosed between 4 to 6 months (40%), with a positive family history in 60% of cases. Café-au-lait macules (36%) were the most common cutaneous feature in genetic disorders, whereas erythematous rashes (60%) predominated in autoimmune conditions. Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (30%) and neonatal lupus (28%) were the most frequently identified genetic and autoimmune disorders, respectively. Cranial MRI abnormalities (28%) and skeletal abnormalities (20%) were common in genetic disorders, whereas 64% of autoimmune cases showed no significant radiological findings. Supportive care (40%) was the primary management approach in genetic disorders, while topical corticosteroids (60%) were commonly used for autoimmune conditions. Conclusion: Cutaneous manifestations serve as crucial diagnostic markers in neonates and infants with genetic and autoimmune disorders. Radiological assessments aid in differentiation, while treatment varies based on underlying pathology. Early identification and appropriate management can improve outcomes in affected infants. |
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