Background: Shoulder arthroplasty is widely utilized for advanced degenerative shoulder disease, significant rotator cuff pathology, and complex proximal humeral fractures. Improvements in implant designs and surgical approaches have enhanced outcomes; however, variability remains. This study reviews the clinical and radiographic results of shoulder arthroplasties conducted at a single tertiary center over a decade. Methods: Two hundred patients, who underwent either anatomic or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty between January 2010 and December 2019, were retrospectively evaluated. Demographic data, clinical indications, and implant type were collected. Shoulder function was measured via the Constant-Murley and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores prior to surgery and at final follow-up. Radiographs were examined for alignment, loosening, and other complications. Statistical methods included paired t-tests to compare pre- and postoperative scores and regression models to identify significant predictors of outcome. Results: The cohort (mean age 68 ± 9 years, 60% female) comprised patients with osteoarthritis (47%), rotator cuff arthropathy (35%), and complicated fractures (18%). Mean Constant-Murley scores improved from 35 ± 8 to 74 ± 10 (p < 0.001), whereas ASES scores rose from 35 ± 10 to 76 ± 12 (p < 0.001). Anatomic arthroplasty displayed a slightly higher final score than reverse arthroplasty, but both showed substantial gains. An 8% overall complication rate was noted, most frequently prosthetic loosening (3%) and periprosthetic fractures (2%). Conclusion: Over a 10-year interval, both anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasties significantly improved shoulder function and reduced pain, though older patients and those with multiple comorbidities experienced higher complication rates. Further research incorporating longer-term follow-up could refine strategies for patient selection and surgical optimization, ultimately promoting superior implant durability.