Background: Paediatric dermatological conditions are frequently encountered in office practice, ranging from superficial infections such as impetigo to more complex disorders like acrodermatitis enteropathica and congenital cutis aplasia. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent complications such as secondary infections, scarring, and systemic involvement. Despite considerable advancements in diagnosis and treatment, many conditions remain under-recognized or misdiagnosed in the primary care setting. Methods: We conducted a descriptive review of common paediatric dermatological cases managed over a specified period in three clinical settings in Dhanbad (Prasad Clinic Jharia, Mahato Medical Baliapur, and J P Hospital). Data were collected retrospectively from medical records, focusing on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and treatment outcomes. Conditions included bacterial infections (impetigo, ecthyma), parasitic infestations (nodular scabies), inflammatory dermatoses (contact dermatitis), nutritional or metabolic etiologies (acrodermatitis enteropathica), congenital anomalies (congenital cutis aplasia, Wharton jelly cyst), vascular tumors (haemangioma), and other infections (molluscum contagiosum, herpes labialis, orbital cellulitis). Results: A total of 320 paediatric patients (age range: neonates to 14 years) were identified with dermatological conditions. Superficial bacterial infections, including impetigo and ecthyma, comprised the largest proportion, followed by parasitic infestations such as scabies (including nodular scabies). Notable rarer conditions included acrodermatitis enteropathica and congenital cutis aplasia. Treatment responses were generally favorable when diagnosis was accurate and early intervention provided. Topical therapies, systemic antibiotics, and supportive skin care measures demonstrated high efficacy. Conclusion: Prompt recognition and management of paediatric dermatologic conditions are paramount for preventing complications and optimizing patient outcomes. This review underscores the diversity of these conditions and highlights the need for continuous education in paediatric dermatology among primary care providers.