Background:Globally, approximately one-fifth of the female population comprises adolescent girls (defined as the period between 10–19 years of age), necessitating focused attention to their specific needs. Menstruation, a distinctive biological process that begins during this stage, is often accompanied by significant social stigma. This phenomenon can impact the physical, mental, and social well-being of teenagers, underscoring the importance of addressing these challenges to prevent future sexual and reproductive health disorders. ThIS study aimed to assess the prevalence of menstrual cup usage among female medical students, identify the barriers and facilitators influencing menstrual cup use, and evaluate knowledge and practices related to menstrual cups and their association with various determinants. Methods:An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among female medical students from Index Medical College, Indore. Data collection was carried out using a structured Google Form that included sections on socio-demographic details, usage patterns of menstrual products (with a focus on menstrual cups), and associated factors. The universal sampling method was employed, and responses were obtained from 345 students. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 23. Results: The prevalence of knowledge about menstrual cups among participants was 42.03%, while 41.45% reported using menstrual cups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age significantly influenced barriers to menstrual cup usage. Participants aged 18–22 years were more likely to encounter barriers compared to those aged 23–26 years. Additionally, as age increased, the likelihood of experiencing barriers decreased. Students in earlier years of study were more likely to report barriers to menstrual cup use. Conclusion:The choice of menstrual hygiene products is shaped by individual perspectives and socio-cultural factors that can either encourage or hinder their adoption. The menstrual cup, as a sustainable and hygienic option, holds promise in reducing the risk of sexual and reproductive tract infections among adolescents. Thus, efforts should focus on improving awareness of sexual and reproductive health and promoting safe, durable, and sustainable practices.