Background: Abdominal and lower limb surgical procedures frequently lead to significant pain, which can subsequently induce rapid and shallow respiration, accumulation of secretions, and ultimately atelectasis, along with diminished patient compliance. Hence;the present study was conducted for comparative analysis of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia in elective lower abdominal surgeries. Materials &Methods: 40 ASA I, II patients scheduled for elective lower abdominal surgeries under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups using a simple randomization method, corresponding to the study medications assigned to each group. Group 1 consisted of 20 patients receiving 5µg of Dexmedetomidine, while Group 2 included 20 patients administered 25µg of Fentanyl. A subarachnoid block was executed under strict aseptic conditions with the patient positioned laterally on the right side. The onset time of the T10 sensory block and the peak sensory block were recorded utilizing the pin prick method. The motor block was evaluated using the Modified Bromage scale, and the time taken to achieve a Bromage 3 motor block was documented. An intraoperative assessment of all patients was done. Results: Mean age of the patients of group 1 and group 2 was 43.5 years and 44.9 years respectively. Majority proportion of patients were males. The mean time from injection to T10 (min) among patients of group 1 and group 2 was 2.23 minutes and 3.96 minutes respectively. The mean time from injection to highest sensory (mins) was 12.32 minutes and 11.95 minutes respectively. Regression to Bromage 3 among patients of group 1 and group 2 was 394.5 mins and 169.2 minutes respectively. Non-significant results were obtained while comparing heart at different time intervals among two study groups. Incidence of hypotension was significantly higher among patients of group 1 in comparison to group 2. Mean VAS among patients of group 1 at 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours was significantly lower in comparison to patients of group 2. Conclusion: Block variables and Pain control was significantly better among dexmedetomidine group. however, dexmedetomidine was associated with significantly higher incidence of hypotension. Hence; further studies are recommended for better exploration of results.