Aim: This study aimed to evaluate oxidative damage to the human crystalline lens caused by prolonged exposure to high fluoride intake from drinking water and to assess the biochemical and visual outcomes following surgical intervention. Material and Methods: This prospective interventional study included 386 participants aged 5–80 years from fluoride-endemic regions of Rajasthan, with a primary focus on Jaipur district. Participants were screened through slit-lamp examinations, auto-refractometer assessments, keratometry, and subjective vision testing. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for oxidative stress markers including Lipid Peroxide (LPO), Protein Carbonylation (PC), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and Glutathione (GSH), along with serum fluoride estimations. Cataract surgeries were performed where indicated, and extracted lenses were analyzed for oxidative markers. Participants were followed for a minimum period of six months to monitor visual and biochemical outcomes. Results: The mean visual acuity improved significantly post-operatively (p<0.001). Blood and urine fluoride levels decreased significantly (p=0.049 and p=0.048, respectively). Oxidative stress markers (LPO, PC) decreased significantly (p<0.001), while antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD) increased (p<0.001) and (CAT, GSH) decreased (p<0.001). Slit-lamp findings showed 100% improvement post-operatively. Fluorosis severity, assessed via ICMR grading, demonstrated a notable improvement, with participants transitioning to milder grades or normal status. GHQ-28 scores indicated improved psychological well-being (p<0.001), and acetylcholinesterase activity showed significant post-operative improvement (p<0.001). Conclusion: Prolonged fluoride exposure leads to significant oxidative damage to the crystalline lens, contributing to cataract formation and visual impairment. Surgical intervention effectively improved visual outcomes and reduced oxidative stress markers. Public health strategies to reduce fluoride exposure, alongside antioxidant therapies, are essential for mitigating fluoride-related ocular damage and enhancing overall well-being in affected populations.